I would like to know the basic steps/requirements to compile Tiled on a windows platform (with visual studio 2010/2013).
Any hint into the right direction would be much appreciated. Thanks!
Well, opening the Tiled project in Visual Studio is unsupported. What you can do, is use the Visual Studio compiler in Qt Creator, which happens automatically when you install the right version of Qt that matches your version of Visual Studio.
In general, see the Contributing to Tiled wiki page for instructions about compiling Tiled.